Additional software can be installed by the user in the default software directories via package managers such as apt for Debian-based distributions like Ubuntu, YUM for Red Hat Enterprise Linux-based distributions, or snap, an app store for Linux. Each Linux distribution contains a variety of standard, base software packages that are automatically included on every system. Many standard Linux directories contain software that is either required by the operating system, or primarily used by users. For example, storage volumes that are added during machine creation in RONIN are automatically mounted in /mnt (e.g., /mnt/volume1).
mnt - Mount directory for storage volumesĪ standard location to mount file systems of attached storage volumes (though these can be mounted anywhere on the system if desired). See this blog post for more information about the root user. The home directory for the root user (instead of /home/root). The user home directory is the default directory that the user will start in upon login/connection to the machine. home - Users home directoryĬontains a home folder for each user, e.g. Alternatively, users may store data on a separate storage drive which they attach to a machine, particularly if they need more space or if the data need to be moved from one machine to another. Users often store "user data", such as analysis inputs or outputs, or program source packages and other files that have been downloaded from the internet, in their home directory. We will now have a closer look at each directory and what each is used for. If you navigate to this directory ( cd / ) and list the contents ( ls ) you will see all of the standard directories as follows: ls This is why you often see paths and filenames that start with / this is an unambiguous way of specifying a file location. The root directory / is the top-level directory, meaning everything on your Linux system is located underneath this directory. Colors represent usage categories as described in the sections below.
Linux directory tree showing the structure of common directories. We will go through this structure and the main features of each directory below. Linux file systems have a standard structure that is defined by the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), as well as some other additions. This blog post will introduce you to the Linux directory structure and discuss the importance of the PATH variable. Knowing the default locations for certain files or software, and how your machine locates software using the PATH environment variable can help you troubleshoot many common errors. To effectively manage your compute environment in the cloud, you need to understand the Linux directory structure, as well as key environment variables such as the PATH variable.
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